JUL · ISSUE 30 · July 24, 2026

STRUCTURE

The market smells like 1999

Not because of the index level, but because of how it moves underneath: one last leg up with momentum volatility spiking.

MOMENTUM VOL

45y high

excluding recessions

VIX

17.70

still calm

S&P 500

7,499

on the edge of 7,500

THE ANALOG

1999

↑ the only serious precedent the desks cite

The momentum factor is posting its highest realized volatility in 45 years, excluding recessions. The institutional read: one last strong leg up, like the one that preceded the 2000 reckoning. The danger comes later, not today.

DATA

ZOOM IN

1999

1999

▲ momentum vol at a 45-year high

The parallel isn't doom-mongering: 1999 was a great year for stocks. The trouble came in 2000-2002. The question is where in the script we are.

It's the only year Wall Street desks find comparable to today's momentum volatility. That rally ended in a severe reckoning two years later.

MOMENTUM
The behavior of the stocks that have risen the most recently.
RECKONING
A broad, drawn-out price correction after an excess.

QUOTE

AUTHORITY

The only serious analog is 1999

The only serious analog for this momentum volatility is 1999: one last strong leg up before a severe reckoning.
Tony Pasquariello · Head of Hedge Fund Coverage · Goldman Sachs

When a chief strategist reaches for 1999 to describe today, he isn't calling the top, he's flagging the risk that's building up.

HEDGE
A position that protects a portfolio against declines.
CROWDING
When too many investors bet on the same thing at once. It amplifies reversals.

COMPARISON

STRESS LEVEL

Momentum volatility vs other episodes

1999: 34342018: 22222021: 2828TODAY 2026: 3838ALERT ZONE199920182021TODAY 2026

Outside recessions, today's level hasn't been seen in 45 years. Illustrative values for the degree of stress.

How much the momentum factor is shaking today versus other tense moments. Illustrative stress index, not a price.

ILLUSTRATIVE INDEX
An indicative figure to compare magnitudes, not an exact market data point.
STRESS
Tension in a market that anticipates sharp moves.

THEN AND NOW

2026 VS 1999

What rhymes and what to watch

TODAY (2026)

The AI leg up

  • Solid breadth: most stocks still sit above their long-term average.
  • Leadership concentrated in a few AI giants.
  • Momentum volatility at a 45-year high.

1999 (THE ANALOG)

The last tech party

  • Tech euphoria and one final vertical rally.
  • Extreme multiples paid for the future.
  • Then came the severe reckoning of 2000 to 2002.

The parallel isn't perfect. It tells you what to watch, not the exact day of the turn.

BREADTH
How many stocks join the rally, not just the biggest ones.
MULTIPLE
How many times earnings the market pays for a stock.

COMPOSITION

WHO'S PULLING

Where the rally comes from

AI LEADERS (MOMENTUM): 55%BREADTH OF THE REST: 30%DEFENSIVES AND OTHERS: 15%RALLYAI
AI LEADERS (MOMENTUM)A few giants concentrate the bulk of the gains55%
BREADTH OF THE RESTThe rest of the market adds a base, not headlines30%
DEFENSIVES AND OTHERSStable sectors, a counterweight to volatility15%

If the leading block cools, the breadth of the rest decides whether there's a floor or a void. Illustrative split.

The market isn't monolithic. Knowing which part leads helps you see what happens if that part wobbles.

DEFENSIVE
A stable sector (staples, utilities) that holds up better in selloffs.
CONCENTRATION
When few stocks drive the move of the whole index.

WATCHLIST

4 TO WATCH

Four thermometers of the regime

MTUM- flatThe momentum factor in an ETF. Its volatility is the star of the debate.
RSP- flatEqual-weight index. It measures breadth beyond the giants.
GLD- +0.3%Gold. Contrarian sentiment favorable at 1 year, the regime's haven.
VIXY- +1.0%Volatility. Cheap while almost everyone bets on calm.

Neither buy nor sell: four instruments that gauge whether the party stays solid or starts to crack.

EQUAL-WEIGHT
An index where each stock weighs the same, with no dominance by the giants.
CONTRARIAN
Betting against the prevailing sentiment when it reaches an extreme.

WRAP-UP

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Where in the script do you think we are?

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MOMENTUM
The behavior of the stocks that have risen the most recently.
ANALOG
A similar historical reference, useful to watch, not to predict.

Sources: 📅 23 Jul 2026 · 🏛 Goldman · Pasquariello

Editorial content. Not financial advice.

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