SEP · ISSUE 37 · September 10, 2026

STRUCTURE · RISK

AI is now competing with the Treasury for money

The BIS puts a number on it: AI-funding debt rivals government supply.

AI BONDS 2026 (H1)

$225bn

through midyear

ANNUAL PACE

$400bn

2026 projection

YEAR-ON-YEAR JUMP

+973%

vs a year ago

THE WARNING

$400bn

→ the pace of AI debt issuance in 2026

The BIS warns that Big Tech is issuing bonds to fund its data centers at a pace that already rivals Treasury supply. With the Fed no longer a big buyer and a deficit near $2 trillion, that is direct competition for the same pool of savings.

ZOOM IN

THE NUMBER

+973%

+973%

▲ AI bond issuance vs the prior year

When something multiplies tenfold in a year, the market takes time to digest how much saving it absorbs, and at what price.

That is the year-on-year jump in debt issued to fund AI. Not a trend: an avalanche.

ISSUANCE
New debt a company or government sells to the market to raise funds.
YEAR-ON-YEAR
A comparison with the same period a year earlier (YoY).

CONTEXT

AUTHORITY

Competing for the same savings

The wave of debt funding artificial intelligence competes for the same savings the Treasury needs to place its own.
BIS · Quarterly Review · Financing the AI boom

The old fear was governments crowding out the private sector. Now AI is crowding out the government.

SAVINGS
The money available in the system to lend or invest.
TREASURY
The issuer of US government debt.

TREND

AI ISSUANCE

The curve that worries the BIS

2023 · ~$20bn2023 · ~$20bn2026 PACE · $400bn2026 PACE · $400bn
2023202420252026 H1PACE

From marginal to a Treasury rival in three years. Issuance figures are approximate.

Annual bond issuance by Big Tech to fund AI. In 2023 it was marginal; today it is systemic.

SYSTEMIC
Big enough to affect the whole financial system.
SPREAD
The extra premium a corporate bond pays over a government bond.

WHY IT MATTERS

THE CHAIN

How AI debt ends up in your mortgage

  1. THEY COMPETE FOR SAVINGS

    There is a limited pool of money willing to lend. If AI issues $400bn, that money is not somewhere else.

  2. THE TREASURY NEEDS BUYERS

    With a deficit near $2 trillion and the Fed no longer a big buyer, the government leans on private investors to place its debt.

  3. LONG RATES RISE

    When two big issuers compete, the price of money climbs. And the long rate sets mortgages and equity valuations.

The link is not obvious, but it is direct: more demand for money, higher rates for all.

DEFICIT
When a government spends more than it takes in and covers the gap with debt.
LONG RATE
The yield on 10- or 30-year bonds. A benchmark for almost everything.

COMPOSITION

HOW IT IS FUNDED

Where the AI money comes from

CORPORATE BONDS55%

Debt visible on the balance sheet

OFF-BALANCE-SHEET VEHICLES30%

More opaque structures

OWN CASH FLOW15%

Reinvested profits

Approximate split. Off-balance-sheet debt is what most unsettles supervisors.

Not all of it is visible debt. A growing share is funded off-balance-sheet, harder to track.

OFF-BALANCE-SHEET
Debt that does not appear directly in a company's accounts.
OPAQUE
Hard to see or measure with the public information available.

WATCHLIST

5 KEY ETFs

The five gauges of this story

LQD108 -0.3%Investment-grade corporate debt. Suffers if the AI bond wave pressures spreads.
TLT88 -0.5%US 20+ year Treasuries. Falls when supply pushes long rates up.
HYG79 -0.2%High-yield debt. First to feel any nerves in the credit market.
XLK285 +0.1%US tech. Benefits from AI, but its leverage grows with the debt.
SGOV100 +0.0%Short-term T-bills. A haven while the long end digests the supply.

These five reflect the tension between AI debt, government debt, and the cost of money. Prices are approximate.

ETF
A listed basket that tracks an index or an asset type.
SPREAD
The extra premium a riskier bond pays over a safe one.

CLOSE

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BIS
Bank for International Settlements. The 'central banks' central bank'.
CAPEX
Capital spending on productive assets, here for AI.

Sources: 📅 10 Sep 2026 · 🏛 BIS · Quarterly Review

Editorial content. Not financial advice.

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